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Impact reaches further than institutions and policy decisions. It flows into society itself. Participation shapes how people understand public issues, how they connect with each other, and how confident they feel getting involved. It sparks bigger conversations and helps communities learn and grow together.

Lessons from the field

Signe Bak Jorgensen from Skive and Marjon De Bie from Groningen get real about what societal impact looked like in their initiatives. What worked, what didn’t, and what they’d do differently next time?

1. Participation builds awareness.
Taking part gives people a clearer, more practical understanding of an issue.
2. Responsibility becomes a two-way street.
Participation often shifts how people see responsibility, both their own and the government's. Participants felt more personally responsible for reducing waste, and saw the municipality's role as bigger than they'd assumed.
3. Feeling heard creates togetherness.
When people feel genuinely heard, it builds a real sense of togetherness. Sharing personal stories and concerns did exactly that for the participants in this assembly.
4. Engagement spreads into daily life.
Participation can spark deeper engagement, well beyond the room itself. Citizens got more involved in climate conversations and grew more active in their own communities.
5. Impact travels through networks.
People carry what they've learned into their own circles. Participants shared their experience with friends and family, and that motivated others to start reducing waste too.
6. Some go further, into activism.
For some, participation becomes a stepping stone to bigger civic engagement. A few people from the coordination groups went on to get politically active, engaging with wider societal issues and democratic conversations.
7. People want to stay involved.
Participants often want to stay engaged after a process ends. Here, they wanted to help the government carry out its recommendations.

Participants in the citizen assembly reported becoming more aware of waste-related issues and more likely to discuss sustainability and waste reduction in their daily lives and social networks. While this did not automatically lead to wider population change, the process influenced how participants spoke about policy, responsibility, and collective solutions beyond the assembly itself.

Societal impact: key insights

Societal impact refers to broader effects on people, communities, and social dynamics, beyond the immediate participants.


This includes:

  • Changes in awareness, attitudes, or behaviour.
  • Increased civic engagement or willingness to participate again.
  • Greater understanding across differences (reducing polarisation).

Research on deliberative processes (e.g. Fishkin, 2018; Dryzek, 2000) shows that when people engage in structured dialogue:

  • They become more informed
  • They often develop more nuanced opinions
  • They are more likely to engage constructively in their communities

However, these effects often remain limited to participants and their networks, unless actively scaled or communicated.

Key insight: Participation can ripple outward, but it rarely spreads automatically.